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2014年1月24日
大家好！
本周美国疾病预防控制中心《减盐电子周刊》包括一些新的减钠相关的研究。
降低餐馆食物钠含量的机会
今日刊登在《慢性疾病预防》杂志上的一篇文章着重介绍了公共卫生部门和餐饮业合作降低钠含量的方式。该文章题为《从菜单到享用：降低餐馆食物钠含量的良机》，文章中提供了一些策略，如：
- 建立或加入一个团体采购组织。
- 在餐馆培训计划中纳入降低钠含量的培训内容。
- 建立降低钠含量的激励机制。
- 提供注册营养师进行营养分析。
该文章链接地址：http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2014/pdf/13_0237.pdf，一篇相关的博客链接地址：http://www.cnn.com/2014/01/23/health/frieden-sodium-restaurants/index.html，相关资源链接地址：http://www.cdc.gov/media/dpk/2014/dpk-sodium-content.html.
餐馆菜单项目钠含量从2010到2011年无变化
本周发表在《营养与饮食学会会刊》上的一项研究对来自美国餐馆的213项主菜中钠含量的变化进行了评估。在2010年春季至2011年春季这段时间内，研究作者从餐馆网站上收集了相关营养资料，发现整体的平均钠含量并无显著变化。不过，从新增和移除的菜品对比来看，平均钠含量在第75个百分位上，降低了70毫克。研究还发现，家庭式餐馆提供的高钠主菜的钠含量在第75个百分位上，有所降低，但不是所有餐馆所有菜品平均有所降低。
该研究题为《2010至2011年美国连锁餐厅主菜能量与钠含量变化》，链接地址：http://www.andjrnl.org/article/S2212-2672(13)01249-5/abstract?elsca1=etoc&elsca2=email&elsca3=2212-2672_201402_114_2&elsca4=nutrition_dietetics
纽约人钠摄入量超过建议限值
根据《美国公共卫生杂志》上新近发表的一项研究估计，2010年纽约市成人平均每天钠摄入量为3239毫克。该研究题为《纽约市成人跨行业、代表性样本的钠摄入量》，对一项心脏随访研究中的1656名成人进行了数据采集，发现81%的研究参与者钠摄入量都超过了建议限值。研究作者说，这些结果“证明了为研究、监测和项目评估而进行24小时尿液收集的可行性”。
该研究链接地址： http://ajph.aphapublications.org/doi/abs/10.2105/AJPH.2013.301542.
降低钠摄入量方面的新论文
一系列关于降低钠摄入量的论文最近在《循环》（Circulation）杂志上发表。
- 《钠摄入量水平降低与心血管疾病风险减少》，可通过以下链接找到：http://circ.ahajournals.org/content/early/2014/01/10/CIRCULATIONAHA.113.006032.abstract
- 《钠摄入量水平降低与心血管疾病风险减少：实现更低钠摄入量建议的挑战》，可通过以下链接找到：http://circ.ahajournals.org/content/early/2014/01/10/CIRCULATIONAHA.114.007964.abstract
- 《钠、血压和心血管疾病：改善公众健康的一个科学案例》，可通过以下链接找到：http://circ.ahajournals.org/content/early/2014/01/14/CIRCULATIONAHA.114.008138.abstract.
- 《钠排泄与罹患冠心病的风险》，可通过以下链接找到：http://circ.ahajournals.org/content/early/2014/01/14/CIRCULATIONAHA.113.004290.abstract.
请注意：
本简讯英文版由美国疾病预防控制中心发布，中文版由骄阳翻译公司翻译，如有歧义，请以英文版本为准。
(该信息为与减钠的相关伙伴机构和个人分享将正在进行的减钠活动信息。目的是为相关同仁提供持续更新的信息，并为对减钠工作感兴趣或致力于减钠工作的个人或机构创建一个合作网络。《减盐电子周刊》将每两周发布一期，如果你知道一些应该添加进来的人，或者你希望被从该通信人中删除，请联系蔡颖女士(caiy@cn.cdc.gov))。
《减盐电子周刊》在内容上只基于新闻价值和读者的潜在兴趣进行选择。美国疾病预防控制中心对所提供文章的真实准确性不承担任何责任。文章的选择、省略或文章内容并不意味着美国疾病预防控制中心对其内容有支持或其它观点。《减盐电子周刊》中原作者的观点或者引用，完全是其个人观点，绝不代表美国疾病预防控制中心的官方立场。所提及的产品、商业名称、出版物、新闻来源以及网站等，仅作参考之用，并不意味着美国疾病预防控制中心的认可。
Hello –
This week’s CDC Salt e-Update includes new sodium research.
Opportunities for Reducing Sodium in Restaurant Foods
A new article published today in Preventing Chronic Disease highlights ways in which public health and restaurants can work together on sodium reduction. The article, “From Menu to Mouth: Opportunities for Sodium Reduction in Restaurants” offers strategies such as –
- Creating or joining a group purchasing organization.
- Incorporating sodium reduction into training programs for restaurants.
- Incentivizing sodium reduction.
- Providing staff time from a registered dietitian for nutrition analysis.
The article may be found here: http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2014/pdf/13_0237.pdf, a related blog posting, here: http://www.cnn.com/2014/01/23/health/frieden-sodium-restaurants/index.html, and related resources, here: http://www.cdc.gov/media/dpk/2014/dpk-sodium-content.html.
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No Change in Sodium Content of Restaurant Menu Items from 2010 – 2011
A study published this week in the Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics assessed changes in the sodium content of 213 main entrée items from US restaurants. Between spring 2010 and spring 2011, study authors collected nutrition information from the restaurants' websites and found no significant change in average sodium content overall. However, average sodium content was 70 mg lower across all restaurants when comparing items that were added vs removed at the 75th percentile. The study also found that sodium was reduced among higher-sodium entrées at the 75th percentile in family-style restaurants, but not on average.
The study, “Changes in the Energy and Sodium Content of Main Entrées in US Chain Restaurants from 2010 to 2011” may be found here: http://www.andjrnl.org/article/S2212-2672(13)01249-5/abstract?elsca1=etoc&elsca2=email&elsca3=2212-2672_201402_114_2&elsca4=nutrition_dietetics.
New Yorkers are Exceeding Sodium Intake Recommendations
Average daily sodium intake in 2010 was estimated to be 3,239 mg per day among New York City adults, according to a new study published in the American Journal of Public Health. The study, “Sodium Intake in a Cross-Sectional, Representative Sample of New York City Adults” collected data on 1,656 adults in the Heart Follow-Up Study and found that 81% of participants exceeded their recommended limit for sodium intake. According to study authors, these results “demonstrate the feasibility of 24-hour urine collection for the purposes of research, surveillance, and program evaluation.”
The study may be found here: http://ajph.aphapublications.org/doi/abs/10.2105/AJPH.2013.301542.
New Papers on Sodium Reduction
A series of papers on sodium reduction were recently published in the journal Circulation.
- Lower Levels of Sodium Intake and Reduced Cardiovascular Risk maybe found here: http://circ.ahajournals.org/content/early/2014/01/10/CIRCULATIONAHA.113.006032.abstract
- Lower Levels of Sodium Intake and Reduced Cardiovascular Risk: The Challenge to Achieve Lower Sodium Recommendations may be found here: http://circ.ahajournals.org/content/early/2014/01/10/CIRCULATIONAHA.114.007964.abstract
- Sodium, Blood Pressure and Cardiovascular Disease: A Compelling Scientific Case for Improving the Health of the Public may be found here: http://circ.ahajournals.org/content/early/2014/01/14/CIRCULATIONAHA.114.008138.abstract.
- Sodium Excretion and Risk of Developing Coronary Heart Disease may be found here: http://circ.ahajournals.org/content/early/2014/01/14/CIRCULATIONAHA.113.004290.abstract.
Thank you for your continued engagement in sodium reduction.
Regards,
Jessica
Jessica Lee Levings, MS, RD, LD
Contractor/Public Health Analyst
Office of the Director
Division for Heart Disease and Stroke Prevention
National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Phone: 770-488-8243 Fax: 770-488-8151
(We are sending this information in an effort to inform our stakeholders of relevant sodium reduction efforts that are occurring. The purpose of this communication is to provide continued follow up with stakeholders and create a network of partners working on and interested in sodium reduction. The Salt e-Update will be sent every two weeks. For questions or comments, or to be added or removed from this communication, contact Jessica Levings at JLevings@cdc.gov).
Salt e-Update content is selected solely on the basis of newsworthiness and potential interest to readers. CDC assumes no responsibility for the factual accuracy of the items presented. The selection, omission, or content of items does not imply any endorsement or other position taken by CDC. Opinions expressed by the original authors of items included in Salt e-Update, or persons quoted therein, are strictly their own and are in no way meant to represent the official position of CDC. References to products, trade names, publications, news sources, and Websites are provided solely for informational purposes and do not imply endorsement by the CDC.
